Channel Tunnel

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The Channel Tunnel, United Kingdom

The Channel Tunnel, also known as The Chunnel has the longest undersea portion (38 Km) in the world. This tunnel links Kent, Folkestone in United Kingdom with Coquelles, and Pas- De- Calais in northern France. The channel consists of three tunnels each being 50 Km long. The channel is 75 meter deep at the lowest point. It conveys high speed Eurostar trains, Eurotunnel vehicle transport and International rail freight trains. The American Society of Civil Engineers declared this tunnel to be one of the Seven Wonders of the modern world in the year 1996.
The proposal of this channel was put forward by Albert Mathieu in the year 1802. The preliminary trials were started in 1875 by The Channel Tunnel Company Ltd. In the year 1988, tunneling began in France and in 1994; the tunnel was opened for public transport. November, 2007 is marked to link London with this tunnel.
In 1998, the total cross-tunnel passenger traffic volumes peaked at 18.4 million. Later in 2003, the volume dropped to 14.9 million. But in the year 2008, the volume again raised up to 16.1million. Though, there were cases of fire in a lorry shuttle previously, The Service Tunnel Transport System allows fast access to all the areas of the tunnel. The three tunnels encompassed 6000 tones of air in total for comfort and safety of passengers. Various security measures like Fire mains, Cooling pipes and signaling equipment are also fixed to the side of the tunnels. There is an overhead catenary which supplies power to all the shuttles as well as trains.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_Tunnel

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Channel Tunnel